Listed Alphabetically by Abbreviation
Grateful acknowledgment goes out to the authors and publishers of the many works that have been consulted in the research for Bible-Smart.com. Each of the sources has been assigned an abbreviation, which is indicated when used in a commentary article, and then listed here for your reference.
Note: Some of these sources are listed here in anticipation of future use, even though they may not be represented currently within the commentary on Bible-Smart.com.
AAU Angels Among Us, by Ron Rhodes. (Eugene, OR: Harvest House Publishers, 1994.
ABC The Abingdon Bible Commentary, edited by Frederick Carl Eiselen (Nashville, TN: Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, 1929).
ADV Adventuring Through the Bible: New Testament, by Ray C. Stedman (Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House, 1997, 2012).
AMB All the Men of the Bible, by Herbert Lockyer (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1958).
ANT Archaeology and the New Testament, by John McRay (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 1991).
APB All the Prayers of the Bible, by Herbert Lockyer. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1959).
ARF Ancient Rome on Five Denarii a Day, by Philip Matyszak (London, UK: Thames and Hudson, 2007).
ASB Archaeological Study Bible, NIV, edited by Dr. Walter C. Kaiser, Dr. Duane A. Garrett, and Joan Davis Wanner (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005).
AST The Apologetics Study Bible, Ted Cabal, general editor (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2007)
ATP All the Parables of the Bible, by Herbert Lockyer (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1963).
ATR Along the Road, by John A. Beck (Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House, 2018).
AWB All the Women of the Bible, by Herbert Lockyer (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1988).
BAB The Bible Answer Book, by James Stuart Bell and Sam O’Neal (Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, 2010).
BAH The Bible Answer Handbook, by Larry Richards (Grand Rapids, MI: Revell, 1997, 2012).
BAL The Bible Almanac, edited by J.I. Packer, Merrill C. Tenney, and William White, Jr. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1980).
BBH Bagster’s Bible Handbook, introduction by Dr. Walter Elwell (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1983).
BCB Baker Commentary on the Bible, edited by Walter A. Elwell. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1989).
BEC The Bible Exposition Commentary, New Testament Volume 1, by Warren W. Wiersbe (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor Books, 2001).
BIB The Baker Illustrated Bible Background Commentary, edited by J. Scott Duvall and J. Daniel Hays (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2020).
BID The Baker Illustrated Bible Dictionary, edited Tremper Longman III (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2013).
BIE Biblical Interpretation in the Early Church, edited and translated by Karlfried Froehlich (Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press, 1984).
BIG The Baker Illustrated Guide to Everyday Life in Bible Times, by John A. Beck. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2013).
BKB The Bible Knowledge Background Commentary: Matthew-Luke, edited by Craig A. Evans (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor Books, 2003).
BKN The Bible Knowledge Commentary: New Testament, edited by John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1983).
BKO The Bible Knowledge Commentary: Old Testament, edited by John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1985, 1989).
BKW1 The Bible Knowledge Word Study: Genesis–Deuteronomy, edited by Eugene H. Merrill. (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor Books, 2003).
BKW2 The Bible Knowledge Word Study: Joshua–2 Chronicles, edited by Eugene H. Merrill. (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor Books, 2004).
BPB The Black Presence in the Bible, by Rev. Walter Arthur McCray (Chicago, IL: Black Light Fellowship, 1990, 1993).
BSB The Bible Source Book, by Dave Branon (Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House, 2019)
BTC Belief: A Theological Commentary on the Bible, Matthew, by Anna Case-Winters (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2015).
BTCM Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible: Matthew, by Stanley Hauerwas, (Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos Press, 2006).
CBC The Classic Bible Commentary, edited by Owen Collins (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1999).
CBP The Complete Book of Bible Prophecy, by Mark Hitchcock (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1999)
CBS Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible, NIV (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2016).
CEM Christ-Centered Exposition: Exalting Jesus in Matthew, by David Platt (Nashville, TN: B&H Academic, 2013).
CFC The Case for Christ, by Lee Strobel (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1998)
CGB The Complete Guide to the Bible, by Stephen M. Miller (Uhrichsville, OH: Barbour Publishing, 2007).
CHF The Christian Faith, by Michael Horton (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2011).
CSB The Chronological Study Bible (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 2014).
CSLB The C. S. Lewis Bible, edited by Marlene Baer Hekkert and Michael G. Maudin (San Francisco, CA: HarperOne, 2010).
CWDN The Complete Word Study Dictionary: New Testament, edited by Spiro Zodhiates (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 1992, 1993).
CWDO The Complete Word Study Dictionary: Old Testament, edited by Warren Baker and Eugene Carpenter (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 2003).
CWSN The Complete Word Study New Testament, edited by Spiro Zodhiates (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 1991).
CWSO The Complete Word Study Old Testament, edited by Warren Baker (Chattanooga, TN: AMG Publishers, 1994).
DBI Dictionary of Biblical Imagery, edited by Leland Ryken, James C. Wilhoit, and Tremper Longman III (Downers Grover, IL: IVP Academic, 1998).
DBT A Dictionary of Bible Types, by Walter E. Wilson (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers Inc., 1999).
DCC Documents of the Christian Church, Fourth Edition, edited by Henry Bettenson and Chris Maunder (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1943, 1963, 1999, 2011).
DHB Discovery House Bible Atlas, by Dr. John A. Beck (Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House, 2015).
DLJ Daily Life at the Time of Jesus, by Miriam Feinberg Vamosh (Herzlia, Israel: Palphot Ltd., 2007).
DOB A Dictionary of the Bible, Fourth Revised Edition, by John D. Davis. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1898, 1903, 1911, 1924, 1954, 1958).
DOS Dictionary of Saints, by John J. Delaney. (Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Company, 1980).
EBD Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties, by Gleason L. Archer, Jr. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1982).
EDB The Expository Dictionary of Bible Words, by Lawrence O. Richards (Grand Rapids, MI: Regency Reference Library, 1985).
EHB Eerdmans’ Handbook to the Bible, edited by David Alexander and Pat Alexander (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1973).
EOR The Emperors of Rome, by David Potter (New York: Metro Books, 2007).
EPB Every Prophecy of the Bible, by John F. Walvoord (Colorado Springs, CO: Chariot Victor Publishing, 1990, 1999).
ESB The ESV Study Bible, edited by Lane T. Dennis and Wayne Grudem (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Bibles, 2008).
ETC Eyewitness to Crucifixion, by Stephen M. Miller (Grand Rapids, MI: Our Daily Bread Publishing, 2020).
ETJ Every Teaching of Jesus in the Bible, by Larry Richards (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 2001).
FCC “Fertility Cults of Canaan,” by Ray Vander Laan, That the World May Know, accessed August 26, 2021. https://www.thattheworldmayknow.com/fertility-cults-of-canaan.
FOD Fodor’s Israel, edited by Linda Cabasin (New York: Fodor’s Travel/Random House, 2014).
GNM The Good News According to Matthew, by Eduard Schweizer, translated by David E. Green (Atlanta, GA: John Knox Press, 1975).
GPB Great People of the Bible and How They Lived, by The Reader’s Digest Association (Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., 1974)
HAC The Holman Apologetics Commentary on the Bible: The Gospels and Acts, Jeremy Royal Howard, general editor. (Nashville, TN: Holman Reference, 2013).
HBD Harper’s Bible Dictionary, edited by Paul J. Achtemeier (San Francisco, CA: Harper & Row Publishers, 1985).
HER Herod, by Peter Richardson (Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1996).
HSB Holman Student Bible Dictionary, by Karen Dockrey and Johnnie & Phyllis Godwin (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 1993).
HSJ Hard Sayings of Jesus, by F. F. Bruce. (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1983).
HTR How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, Fourth Edition, by Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1981, 1993, 2003, 2014).
HWG How We Got the Bible, by Timothy Paul Jones (Torrance, CA: Rose Publishing, 2015).
IB4 The Interpreter’s Bible, Volume IV: Psalms; Proverbs, edited by George Arthur Buttrick, et. al. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1955).
IB7 The Interpreter’s Bible, Volume VII: General Articles on the New Testament; Matthew; Mark, edited by George Arthur Buttrick, et. al., exposition by Sherman E. Johnson (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1951).
IB8 The Interpreter’s Bible, Volume VIII: Luke; John, edited by George Arthur Buttrick, et. al. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1952).
IBB The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, by Craig S. Keener (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1993).
IBC The International Bible Commentary, edited by F. F. Bruce (Grand Rapids, MI: Marshall Pickering/Zondervan, 1979).
IBD1 The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Part 1: Aaron–Golan, edited by J.D. Douglas (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1980).
IBD2 The Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Part 2: Goliath–Papyri, edited by J.D. Douglas (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1980).
IBD3 The Illustrated Bible Dictionary: Part 3 Parable-Zuzim, edited by J.D. Douglas. (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1980).
ICR Institutes of the Christian Religion, by John Calvin, translated Henry Beveridge, (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 2008).
ID2 The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, Volume 2 E-J, edited by George Arthur Buttrick (New York: Abingdon, 1962).
ID3 The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, Volume 3 K-Q, edited by George Arthur Buttrick (New York: Abingdon, 1962).
ILJ The Illustrated Life of Jesus, by Herschel Hobbs (Nashville, TN: Holman Reference, 2000).
IMK Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching, Mark, by Lamar Williamson, Jr. (Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1983).
IMT Interpretation: A Bible Commentary for Teaching and Preaching, Matthew, by Douglas R.A. Hare (Louisville, KY: John Knox Press, 1993).
ISJ In the Steps of Jesus, by Peter Walker (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2006).
IWB 101 Important Words of the Bible, by Len Woods (Grand Rapids, MI: Our Daily Bread Publishing, 2020).
JAN The Jewish Annotated New Testament, Second Edition, New Revised Standard Version, edited by Amy-Jill Levine and Marc Zvi Brettler (New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 2011, 2017).
JCL Jesus Christ Our Lord, by John F. Walvoord (Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1969).
JDL “Jephthah’s Daughter: A Lament.” by Alicia Ostriker, RitualWell. https://ritualwell.org/ritual/jephthahs-daughter-lament. Accessed 08-14-2019.
JHE Jesus & His Enemies, by Paul Yeulett (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2013).
JHT Jesus and His Times, edited by Kaari Ward (Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association Inc., 1987).
JOB The Jesus of the Bible, by Stephen M. Miller (Uhrichsville, OH: Barbour Publishing, 2009).
JP “Jerusalem Population.” (2019-05-11). Retrieved 2019-09-10, from http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/jerusalem/
KC King’s Cross, by Timothy Keller (New York, Dutton, 2011).
KS Kingdom Suffering, by John Wimber (Ann Arbor, MI: Vine Books, 1988).
LEA Leadership: Theory and Practice, Fourth Edition, by Peter G. Northouse (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2007).
LEB The Lion Encyclopedia of the Bible, edited by Pat Alexander (Herts, England: Lion Publishing and Reader’s Digest Association Inc., 1978, 1986).
LOB The Lands of the Bible Today, by Dave Branon (Grand Rapids, MI: Our Daily Bread Publishing, 2020).
LST Lectures in Systematic Theology, by Henry Clarence Thiessen (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1956).
MAC The MacArthur Study Bible, by John MacArthur. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 2013).
MAT Matthew, by Craig A. Evans (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012).
MBC The Moody Bible Commentary, edited by Michael Rydelnik and Michael Vanlaningham (Chicago, IL: Moody Publishers, 2014).
MFE2 Matthew for Everyone, Part Two, by Tom Wright (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2002, 2004).
NAS New American Standard Bible: The Open Bible Edition, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1975, 1978).
NET New Evidence that Demands a Verdict, by Josh McDowell (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999).
NGL No Greater Love, by Mother Teresa (New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997).
NIB Nelson’s Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Ronald F. Youngblood, general editor. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1986, 1995, 2014.)
NIBC New International Biblical Commentary: Matthew, by Robert H. Mounce (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1985, 1991).
NMC The New Manners and Customs of Bible Times, by Ralph Gower (Chicago: Moody Press, 1987).
NNI Nelson’s New Illustrated Bible Commentary, edited by Earl Radmacher, Ronald B. Allen, and H. Wayne House (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999).
NOG Names of God and Other Bible Studies. (Torrance, CA: Rose Publishing, 2008).
NSC3 The New Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible: Part 3, “Concise Dictionary of the Words in the Hebrew Bible,” compiled by James Strong. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1995, 1996).
NSC4 The New Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible: Part 4, “Concise Dictionary of the Words in the Greek Testament,” compiled by James Strong. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1995, 1996).
NTE The New Testament Explorer, by Mark Bailey and Tom Constable (Nashville, TN: Word Publishing, 1999).
NTI The New Testament in Its World, by N. T. Wright and Michael Bird (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Academic, 2019).
NTL New Testament Life and Times, by Lawrence O. Richards (Colorado Springs, CO: Victor, 1994, 2002)
NTRJ The New Testament and Rabbinic Judaism, by David Daube (London: Athlone, 1956).
NTW New Testament Words in Today’s Language, by Wayne A. Detzler. (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1986).
NUB The New Unger’s Bible Handbook, by Merrill F. Unger. (Chicago, IL: Moody Press, 1966, 1984).
OCT On Christian Teaching, by Saint Augustine, translated by R.P.H. Green, (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1997, 1999, 2008).
OPB The Open Bible, New Living Translation, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1998)
PCXV The Pulpit Commentary Volume XV: Matthew, edited by H. D. M. Spence and Joseph S. Exell, exposition written by A. Lukyn Williams. (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1892.)
PHS Precious in His Sight, by Roy B. Zuck (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1996).
PRO PROOF, by Daniel Montgomery and Timothy Paul Jones (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2014).
QST The Quest Study Bible, New International Version, edited by Marshall Shelley (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994).
RBD The Revell Bible Dictionary, Deluxe Color Edition, edited by Lawrence O. Richards (Old Tappan, NJ: Fleming H. Revell Company, 1990).
RCL Reformation Commentary on Scripture, New Testament III: Luke, edited by Beth Kreitzer (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2015).
RDA Reader’s Digest Atlas of the Bible (Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., 1981, 1985).
RDC Reader’s Digest Complete Guide to the Bible (Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc.).
REC2 Reformed Exposition Commentary: Matthew, Vol.2, by Daniel M. Doriani (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 2008).
RES Resurrection, by Hank Hanegraaff (Nashville, TN: Word Publishing, 2000)
RFG The Reason for God, by Timothy Keller (New York: Riverhead Books, 2008).
RHW “Ritual Hand Washing Before Meals,” by MJL, My Jewish Learning, accessed August 15, 2021. https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/hand-washing/.
SBW The Study Bible for Women, edited by Dr. Dorothy Patterson and Dr. Rhonda Kelley (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2014).
SGC Single, Gay, Christian, by Gregory Coles (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2017).
SJP Swindoll’s New Testament Insights: Insights on James and 1 & 2 Peter, by Charles R. Swindoll. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2010).
SLU Swindoll’s New Testament Insights: Insights on Luke, by Charles R. Swindoll. (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2012).
SMA Swindoll’s Living Insights: Matthew 1-15, by Charles R. Swindoll (Carol Stream: IL, Tyndale House Publishers, 2020).
SMB Swindoll’s Living Insights: Matthew 16-28, by Charles R. Swindoll (Carol Stream: IL, Tyndale House Publishers, 2020).
SMK Swindoll’s Living Insights: Mark, by Charles R. Swindoll (Carol Stream: IL, Tyndale House Publishers, 2016).
SOC The Story of Christianity, Volume 1, Revised and Updated, by Justo L. Gonzalez (San Francisco, CA: HarperOne, 2010).
SOM The Sermon on the Mount, by R. T. Kendall (Minneapolis, MN: Chosen Books, 2011).
SSB The Swindoll Study Bible, by Charles R. Swindoll (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 2017).
ST Systematic Theology, Fourth Revised and Enlarged Edition, by Louis Berkof (Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1939, 1941).
TC The Teacher’s Commentary, by Lawrence O. Richards (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1987).
TEB The Tony Evans Bible Commentary, by Tony Evans (Nashville, TN: Holman Reference, 2019).
TEF That’s Easy for You to Say, by W. Murray Severance (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Reference, 1997).
TEN The Eternal Now, by Paul Tillich (New York, Charles Scribner and Sons, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1963).
TGE Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, by Joseph H. Thayer (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1977, 1984).
TOR The Torah: A Modern Commentary, edited by W. Gunther Plaut. (New York: Union of American Hebrew Congregations, 1981).
TRF The Resurrection Factor, by Josh McDowell (San Bernadino, CA: Here’s Life Publishers, 1981).
TTW The Theological Wordbook, by Don Campbell, Wendell Johnston, John Walvoord, and John Witmer (Nashville, TN: Word Publishing, 2000).
TYM Tyndale New Testament Commentaries: Matthew, by R. V. G. Tasker (Leicester, England: Inter-Varsity Press, 1961).
UBP Understanding the Bible Commentary Series: Psalms, by Craig C. Broyles (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 1999).
UI Unveiling Islam, by Ergun Mehmet Caner and Emir Fethi Caner (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 2002).
VCEN Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words: New Testament Section, by W. E. Vine, Merrill F. Unger, and William White Jr. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1984, 1996).
VCEO Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words: Old Testament Section, by W. E. Vine, Merrill F. Unger, and William White Jr. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1984, 1996).
VGG A Visual Guide to Gospel Events, by James C. Martin, John A. Beck, and David G. Hansen. (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2014).
WBH Willmington’s Bible Handbook, by Harold L. Willmington (Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1997).
WBS Women of the Bible Speak Out, by Marlo Schalesky (Grand Rapids, MI: Our Daily Bread Publishing, 2020).
WEC Women’s Evangelical Commentary: New Testament, edited by Dorothy Kelley Patterson and Rhonda Harrington Kelley. (Nashville, TN: Holman Reference, 2006).
WET “Wheat’s Evil Twin Has Been Intoxicating Humans for Centuries,” by Sarah Laskow, Atlas Obscura, March 22, 2016, accessed August 9, 2021. https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/wheats-evil-twin-has-been-intoxicating-humans-for-centuries.
WIW What I Wish My Christian Friends Knew about Judaism, by Robert Schonen (Chicago, IL: Loyola Press, 2004).
WOB The World of the Bible, by John Drane (Oxford, UK: Lion Hudson, 2009).
WOE What on Earth is Happening? by Ray C. Stedman (Grand Rapids, MI: Discovery House Publishers, 2003).
WOM Women of the Bible, by Frances Vander Velde (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 1957).
WWA Who’s Who and Where’s Where in the Bible, by Stephen M. Miller (Urichsville, OH: Barbour Publishing, 2004).
WWB Who’s Who in the Bible, by Joan Comay and Ronald Brownrigg (New York: Bonanza Books, 1980).
WWC Who’s Who in the Bible, by Jean-Pierre Isbouts (Washington, DC: National Geographic, 2013).
WWD Who’s Who in the Bible, by The Reader’s Digest Association (Pleasantville, NY: The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc., 1994).
WIX Working IX to V, by Vicki Leon (New York: Walker and Company, 2007).
WWW Who Was Who in the Bible, (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999).
ZB1 Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary, New Testament Volume 1: Matthew, Mark, Luke, edited by Clinton E. Arnold, Matthew commentary by Michael Wilkins (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2002).
ZB2 Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary, New Testament Volume 2: John, Acts, edited by Clinton E. Arnold (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2002).
ZBO2 Zondervan Illustrated Bible Backgrounds Commentary, Volume 2: Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1 & 2 Samuel, edited by John H. Walton (Grand Rapids, MI: 2009)
ZNS Zondervan NASB Study Bible, Kenneth Barker, general editor (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1999).
ZP1 The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Volume 1: A-C, edited by Merrill C. Tenney (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975, 1976).
ZP2 The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Volume 2: D-G, edited by Merrill C. Tenney (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975, 1976).
ZP3 The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Volume 3: H-L, edited by Merrill C. Tenney (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975, 1976).
ZP4 The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Volume 4: M-P, edited by Merrill C. Tenney (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975, 1976).
ZP5 The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible, Volume 5: Q-Z, edited by Merrill C. Tenney (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1975, 1976).
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